Filipino Martial Arts (FMA) terminologies

Abakadas - the angles of attack; alphabet or basics (similar to abecedario)

Abaniko - a fanning strike

Abecedario - drill where one-person feeds, other receives

Abierto - open position

Adlaw - "the sun" diagonal right; same as Senang Advanti - advancing (Italian)

Agaw - disarming; to steal or snatch

Agila - eagle

Agimat - amulets of supernatural protection

Agos - to flow; same as seguída or lima-lima

Altrocada Serada - term used to describe counter along the same line of attack

Anggulo - any one of the angles of attack

Anito - spirits

Ankab - Pagkusi - bit and pinch

Ankal, Kaukit, Tapak - terms for foot trapping

Anting - Anting - an amulet or charm of supernatural power

Apa - wait; freeze; attention; same as Manqukay Arbularyo - medicine man

Arko - a twirling motion of the stick

Arnis de Mano -"armor of the hands" a fencing art developed in the Philippines

Arnisador - one who is proficient in the art of Arnis

Atara - to move back; retreat

Ba'Ba - mouth; same as Semud

Bahi - palm tree; hard wood indigenous to the Philippines, used in training and combat Balangkas - framework; a general term used to describe the structure of various systems

Balaraw - ancient dagger, also known as punyal and sundang

Balikat - shoulder

Balisong - infamous butterfly knife or fan knife, bali (to break) and sung (horn)

Bandoc - a push or pulling type throw from Dumog (Filipino grappling)

Bangkaw - spear' or short staff of about four feet in length

Bantay kamay - « the alive hand"

Barangay - a community of people

Baraw - dagger

Barong - a heavy, leaf-shaped sward popular among the Moros of Mindanao and Sulu Barrio - a small town or part of a town

Bartícal - vertical

Bartikal - one attacks/ other defends; backhand strike to collarbone in Serrada System

Baston - a stick or baton used in Kali; a cane

Batalla - a battle; also the finale of the komedya stage plays

Batis - shin kick

Batikan - a title connoting an expert or master of Filipino martial arts

Baybayin - to spell or write; ancient written alphabet of Hindu Tamils from Malaysia Bejuco - rattan

Belok - lance; spear; staff

Biakid - a kick of Sikaran' a spinning back kick which was adopted by taekwondo in 1950

Bigay galang - courtesy salutation in Serrada System

Bisig - the forearm

Bolo - a type of blade similar to a machete; malapad (wide) or matulis (sharp, pointed)

Botes - leg

Bothoan - a secret, ancient school of weaponry

Budbud - fine rattan that is woven in strands to cover the scabbards of kris'

Bugson - to blast; refers to the blast - style-disarming method of Binas dynamic Arnis Bukton -forearm

Bulan - "moon" diagonal left

Bunal - strike with non - bladed weapon

Buno - grappling or takedown

Busog - the traditional longbow used by the Northern Philippine tribes

Cadena - chain

Contra - counter against

Corto - Close range

Daan - routes

Daga - dagger

Daganan - the handle of a kris

Dakip-diwa- the Filipino warrior's mind-set when engaged in combat

Dakup-catch

Dalawang - double' using two weapons at the same time

Dalawang bulusok - the matador's thrust

Dalawang yantok - a system of employing two weapons for self-defense

Dalin -as - sliding in

Datu - chieftain

De Fondo - stationary

Disarma - techniques of disarming

Distancia - distance or range

Diwata - spirits; anito

Doble or Dobli - double or two

Doblibaston - two sticks or double sticks

Doblikara - double weapon or 2-fisted method; double faced or double dealing

Doce Pares Association - twelve pairs; founded in 1932 by Venancio Bacon in Cebu and is currently

run by the Canete family

Doublete - hitting twice on the same line

Dukot - small hooking parry

Dul - to spar; a match or contest

Dulak - exercise

Dumog - grappling

Dungab - to stab or thrust; closed fisted strike; earth grip

Duslak - quick thrust

Enganío - PIA, planned attack-going form on area to another; negative to a positive; fake Engkanto - a charm, enchantment, or spell; or a fairy or spirit that does this

Eskrima or Escrima - a fencing art developed in the Philippines

Eskrimador - a fencer or one who practices and studies Eskrima; a maser of Escrima Esgrima - a Spanish term for the art of fencing

Espada - a sweard used in Kali Espada y Daga - sword & dagger combination

Estoka - form

Florite - flower, series of circular motions with the stick

Galan - respects

Garoti-heavy, flat stick

Gilas -gallantry; representative of the warrior's unison of mind, body and spirit

Gosok - ribs

Gunting - Scissors; simultaneous parrying and nerve striking or destruction

Guro - Filipino word for instructor

Guwas - outside

Hambak - wave (similar to bong sao)

Handa - ready (sometimes Handa Ka)

Hangin - wind

Har - king or ruler; the champion in the pitak competition of Sikaran, thus headmaster

Hawak - the c-hand; also the Ipit Kamay

Higot ug Hampak - tie and hit

Hilot - Traditional Filipino healing systems of massage and bone setting

Hubud, Lubud, Higot - tying, untying, and blending the two

Hubud ug Hampak - untie and hit

Hukbalahap - the people's army against Japan

Humay - rice

ikis -X (#1 followed by #2 or vise versa)

Indio - term used by Spanish to refer to the indigenous peoples of the Philippines

Ipit Kamay - the c-hand; also hawok

Jigad - Islamic holy war against Christians. Those who die in struggle are shahid (martyrs) and are

assured a place in sulga (heaven)

Juramentado - the ancient Moro act of running amok and decapitating non-Muslims

Kali - a weapon and empty hand system of combat developed in the Philippines before the Spanish

invasion; also the mother art of Eskrima and Arnis; Kamot Lihok Kalis - a type of kris sword that is only slightly wavy or serpentine

Kalista - a master of Kali

Kadena Reyal - quick switch; also Kambiada Kamangong - a dark wood extracted from the Narra tree

Kamay - hand

Kambiada - quick switch; also kadena reyal in Lameco system Kamot - root word of Kali meaning hand or body; also Kamut Kapatiran - brotherhood

Karansa - freestyle workout; sparring session

Karasak - long rectangular shield also shielding block with leg and elbow

Karensa - solo training, freestyle; dance with weapon

Katawan - the body

Katipunan - nineteenth century Filipino revolutionary movement founded by A. Bonifacio

Kenoldas -Mixed numbers

Kewayan - bamboo, rattan; also a stroking combination

Kidlat - lightnings a lightning -style of disarming in Binas dynamic Arnis

Kilap - lightning; also a stroking combination

Kinomutai - pinching, biting

Kruzada - cross

Kulis - line

Kunsi - locking

Laban - laro- to fight and play; a series of weapon drills developed by Edgar Sulite Laban Tayong - the lock and block position in the Serrada system

Labtik- whip like strike with follow through

Langit - heaven grip

Langka - form of martial dance originally by the Tausug tribe of the southern Philippines

Largo mano - long hand or long range; also a system

Lastiko - elastic; weaving the body back and forth while executing techniques; leaning

Libot - circle

Lihok - root work of Kali meaning motion

Likos - circle, "puter Kepala" Lingkod - sit

Lobtik - strike that fallows through

Lubid - rope

Lubud ug Hampak - blending the two and hit

Maglarawan - term used to describe the acquired skills in visualization

Mano-mano - hand to hand; empty hand techniques

Mandirigma - warrior

Manqukay - wait; freeze; attention; same as Apa Masela Atao - rank

Media or Medio - medium range

Mestizo - a person of mixed blood with Spanish ancestry

Mohara - ancient work for footwork; to encircle opponent

Moro - term given to Muslim Filipinos by Spanish who thought them similar to Moors

Naga - mythical snake, serpent, or dragon

Nakaw - to steal (strip and keep)

Numerado - drill emphasizing footwork and zoning

Ocho-ocho - eight -eight; refers to a figure eight motion made with a weapon Odto -high noon; deadly snake venom used to coat the points of projectile weapons

Olisi palad O palm stick

Olisi toyok - flail, nuchacku

Olisi - stick

Orascion - pray; same as Sumbayan Ordabis - backhand strike; from left side

Paa - foot

Pa'awis - parry

Pagagy - evade

Pakal - earth grip

Palad - palm

Palasut - scooping motion

Palibot - round kick

Paligitan - circle fight in Kuntaw where opponents attempt to knock each other out circle

Panajakman or Panandiakan - kicking

Panastas - cover and cut

Pananandata - weaponry

Panantukan - boxing

Pangamut - empty hand techniques; Raja Lapu Lapu's personal subsystem of Kali Parada- stance

Pasunod - a passing action with the hand

Patay - dead or lifeless

Patayan - "death match"

Payong - umbrella; defensive parry

Pinahandag - diagonal

Pinasaka - upward

Pinatag - rear kick

Rinatag - horizontal

Pinatindog - vertical

Pintag - lead kick

Pinute - a type of Filipino sword, usually double edged near the point

Pitak - a circle fight in Sikaran where opponents attempt to kick each other out of circle

Pitik - flick with finger (s)

Poglibot - round kick

Pook -zoning

Punta - point of longend of stick

Punyo - butt of stick

Putong - headband worn as a symbol of bravery for killing several opponents in combat

Rajah - a king or tribal leader; later used as a kali master

Redondo - circular motion

Reterada - retreat (Spanish)

Sablet - quick release disarm

Sabong - a fighting gamecock; symbol of Bakbakan International Sagang - stopping

Saggang - defensive × block

Sak sak -heaven grip or thrusting grip

Saladuha - salute

Salt salit - replacement stepping

Saludo - salutation or sign of respect

Sampaguita - a flower; also the name of an empty hand form in kuntaw

Sandata - weaponry, arms and ammunition

Sandugo - a blood compact; blood brotherhood

Sangga - a defensive technique; blocking

Sangga at patama - training exercise that employs give and take actions

Sangga sa labas - block to the outside

Sangga sa loob - block to the inside

Sangot - reverse round kick (refers to a curved Arabic blade)

Sayaw - solo exercise of technique; a dance with or without weapons

Seguida - follow or follow up

Senang - light; sun; same as adlow

Semud - mouth; same as baba'

Serada - closed position

) Serrada - close range; the escrima system of Angel Cabales

Sharif - a Muslim title of respect

Sibat - staff

Sikaran - kicking art or system siko -elbow

Siko siko - sai, trident sikod - from push kick

Sinawali - interwoven motion; Doblicara Sipa - low oblique kick

Sinulog - ritual dance with mock battle, used to secretly preserve Kali during Spanish rule

Solo Baston - single stick

Songab - spear hand or heaven grip (thrust)

Sonkete - hooking thrust

Suik - hook (hooking thrust or hooking sweep, etc.)

Sulod - inside; to move in

Sultan - represents the highest religious and political authority within the Islamic religion

Sumbrada - "shade or shadow" counter for counter drill & style

Sumbayan - pray; same as Orascion Sumgob - finger thrust

Sungkiti - curving thrust

Suntok - punch, usually in the vertical position

Suntukan - to punch; boxing

Tabas -strike from right side; forehand

Tabon - cover

Tad tad or pagtad tad - chop

Tadyakan - to stomp; various stomping, kicking, and sweeping techniques

Tambak - path; forward / backward movement

Taming - round shield/ shield technique with arm

Tanghalan ng Sandata - a hall of weapons; the school where the leaders of the Philippine revolution

Practiced kali

Tapí -slap

Tapo - drop (strip and release)

Tapon - throw

Tayada - to encircle opponent; circling footwork

Tenador - Spanish for fork, used to describe spilt entry

Tigbas - strike w/ bladed / non bladed weapon

Tindig - Stance

Tindug - to stand; to get up

Trankada - locking technique; joint locking

Tresello - lobtik, lobtik, lobtik

Tuhan - God; a spiritual healer; also the highest level of Kali or silat

Tuhod - knee

Tulak - push

Tulisan - a bandit; pointed; knife fighting subsystem of Kali lustrisimo

• Tuo - right

Tuolo - high low high (entry 3 or abecedario 3)

Tusok - quick thrust

Ug-and

Ugat - root

Utbong - tip

Wala - left

Vintas - dugout canoes used by early Muslim trader and pirates of southern Philippines

Walis - sweep

Waslik - slinging or flinging technique

pitik - whip like strike with pull back motion (no follow through)

Yantok at daga - stick and dagger style

Yatuk - stomp kick or sidekick